Versions 1.0 (1984) Support for the HP Integral PC (embedded ROM version)basic kernel runs from ROM other commands are disk based. 2.0 (1987) First release for series 800. There may have been a different 2.x version for series 200 at an earlier date. 3.x (1988) Series 600/800 only. Note: 2.x/3.x (for series 600/800) were developed in parallel with 5.x/6.x (for series 200/300/400), so, e.g., 3.x was really contemporary with 6.x. The two lines were united at 7.x (with different minor numbers for different series), so that series 800 jumped from 3.1 to 7.0 and series 300 from 6.5 to 7.01. 5.0 (1985) Updated and renamed HP-UX 1.0 for the HP Integral PC. Supported series 200, 300 and 500. 6.x (1988) Support for 300 series only. Introduced sockets from 4.3BSD. This version (together with 3.x) also introduced a feature of context dependent files (CDF), a method of allowing a fileserver to serve different configurations and binaries (and even architectures) to different client machines in a heterogeneous environment. A directory containing such files had its suid bit set and was made hidden from both ordinary and root processes under normal use. Such a scheme was sometimes exploited by hackers to hide exploits.[3] CDF's and the CDF filesystem were dropped with release 10.0. 7.x (1990) Support for 300/400, 600/700 (in 7.03) /800 HP systems.[4] Provided OSF/Motif. 8.x (January 1991) Support for 300/400 600/700/800 HP systems.[4] Shared libraries introduced. 9.x (July 1992) 9.00, 9.02, 9.04 (s600/s800), 9.01, 9.03, 9.05, 9.07 (s300/s400/s700), 9.08 (s700), 9.09 (s700), 9.09+ (s700), 9.10 (s300/s400 only). These provided support for the series 300, 700 and 800 HP systems. Introduced SAM.The Logical Volume Manager (LVM) was presented at 9.00 for s800 as a replacement for the older methods of disk management. The easiest was to determine the platform that a version of HP-UX 9.x would run on was by the last digit. Even numbers ran on servers, odd numbers ran on workstations. 10.0 (1995) This major release saw a convergence of the operating system between the series 700 (workstation) and series 800 (server) systems. (The OS no longer supported the older series.) There was also a significant change in the layout in the system files and directories, based on the AT&T SVR4 UNIX standard. Applications were removed from /usr and moved under /opt; startup configuration files were placed under /etc/rc.config.d; users were moved to /home from /users. Software for HP-UX was now packaged, shipped, installed, and removed via the Software Distributor (SD) tools. LVM was made available for s700, too. 10.01 (1995) 10.02 (1995) 10.03 (1996) 10.08 (1996) 10.09 (1996) 10.10 (1996) 10.16 (1996) 10.20 (1996) This release included support for PA-RISC processors that support PA2.0, including 64-bit data registers. Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM were introduced for use within CDE. The root file system could be configured to use the Veritas File System (VxFS). For legacy as well as technical reasons, the file system used for the boot kernel remained Hi Performance FileSystem (HPFS; a variant of UFS) until version 11.23. 10.20 also supported 32-bit user and group identifiers. The prior limit was 60,000, or 16-bit. This and earlier releases of HP-UX are now effectively obsolete, and support by HP ended on June 30, 2003. 10.24 This is a Virtual Vault release of HP-UX, providing enhanced security features. Virtual Vault is a compartmentalised operating system in which each file is assigned a compartment and processes only have access to files in the appropriate compartment and unlike most other UNIX systems the superuser (or root) does not have complete access to the system without following correct procedures. 10.30 (1997) This was primarily a developer release with various incremental enhancements. The use of PAM continued to expand in the system security components. Various changes to system calls were also made. This OS also provided the first support for Kernel Threads, with a 1x1 thread model (each user thread is bound to one kernel thread). 10.30 was also the first release of HP-UX that was fully year 2000 compliant. 11.00 (1997) The first HP-UX release to also support 64-bit addressing; previous releases had been 32-bit only. It could still run 32-bit applications on a 64-bit system. This release was also deemed Y2K-compliant. It supported 1×1 kernel threads, symmetric multiprocessing, fibre channel, and NFS PV3. It also included tools and documentation to convert 32-bit code to 64-bit. 11.04 Virtual Vault release. 11.10 This was a limited release to support the V2500 SCA (Scalable Computing Architecture) and V2600 SCA servers. Other versions supported the V-class server in a single cabinet configuration, 11.10 ran on the SCA versions where two servers are stacked on top of each other, interconnected by a hyperplane crossbar. 11.10 also added JFS 3.3, 128-CPU support, AutoFS, and a new ftpd. It was not available separately. 11.11 (2000) Also known as 11i, this release of HP-UX introduced the concept of Operating Environments. It was released in December, 2000. These are bundled groups of layered applications intended for use with a general category of usage. The available types were the Mission Critical, Enterprise, Internet, Technical Computing, and Minimal Technical OEs. (The last two were intended for HP 9000 workstations.) The main enhancements with this release were support for hard partitions, gigabit ethernet, NFS over TCP/IP, Loadable Kernel Modules, dynamic kernel tunable parameters, kernel event Notifications, and protected stacks. 11.20 (2001) Also known as 11i v1.5, this release of HP-UX was the first to support the new line of Itanium-based (IA-64) systems. It was not intended for mission critical computing environments and did not support HP's ServiceGuard cluster software. It did provide support for running PA-RISC compiled applications on IA-64 systems, and for Veritas Volume Manager 3.1. 11.22 (2002) An incremental release of the Itanium version of HP-UX, it was designated 11i v1.6. This version achieved 64-way scalability, MxN threads, added more dynamic kernel tunable parameters, and supported HP's Logical Volume Manager on IA-64. It was built from the 11i v1 source code stream. 11.23 (2003) The original release of this version was in September 2003 to support the Itanium-based systems. This version is also identified as 11i v2. In September 2004 the OS was updated to provide support for both Itanium and PA-RISC systems. Besides running on IA-64 systems, this release includes support for ccNUMA, web-based kernel and device configuration, IPv6 and a strong random number generation. 11.31 (2007) This release is also identified as HP-UX 11i v3. This release supports both PA-RISC and IA-64.[5] It was released on February 15, 2007.[6] Major new features include native multipathing support, a unified file cache, NFS v4, Veritas ClusterFS, multi-volume VxFS, and integrated virtualization. Hyperthreading is supported on Itanium systems with Montecito processors. HP-UX 11i v3 conforms to the The Open Group's UNIX 03 standard.[7]